Consumer Price Index

Overview
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for October 2015 increased by 2.5 per cent to 114.1 compared with 111.3 in the same month last year. The rise in the CPI was led by increases in the index for Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco group by 13.3 per cent; Miscellaneous Goods and Services (+5.8 per cent); Health and Restaurants & Hotels by 4.7 per cent respectively; Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages (+4.7 per cent) and Furnishing, Household Equipment & Routine Household Maintenance (+3.8 per cent). These six groups of goods and services which weighted 47.4 contributed 99.3 per cent to the increase in the CPI for the month of October 2015. In addition, the overall index is also influenced by the increase in Communication (+3.3 per cent); Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels group by 2.7 per cent and Education (+2.5 per cent).

Overall, the index for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages (weight: 30.3) rose 4.7 per cent on a year-on-year basis in October 2015. Meanwhile, the index for Non-Food (weight: 69.7) recorded an increase of 1.5 per cent (Chart 1 and Table 1) .

On a monthly basis, CPI for October 2015 increased by 0.4 per cent. CPI for the first ten months in 2015 registered an increase by 2.0 per cent as compared to the same period last year.


 
 

Monthly Changes for CPI

When compared with the previous month, CPI for October 2015 increased by 0.4 per cent. Of the twelve major groups, four recorded an increase, three registered a decline while five remained unchanged. Among the major groups which recorded increases in October 2015 were Transport (+3.0 per cent); Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages (+0.2 per cent); Health (+0.2 per cent); and Restaurants & Hotels (+0.2 per cent) .

Based on a seasonally adjusted term, the CPI for October 2015 increased by 0.4 per cent as compared to September 2015 (Table 1).

 

Table 1 : CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR MAIN GROUPS, MALAYSIA (2010=100)
 
Group
 
Wt.
Index
Year-on-Year Percentage Change
Month-on-Month Percentage Change
Seasonally Adjusted Index
Oct 2015
Sep 2015/    Sep 2014
Oct 2015/    Oct 2014
Jan - Oct 2015/2014
Sep 2015/
Aug 2015
Oct 2015/
Sep 2015
Oct 2015 % Change  Oct 2015/ Sep 2015
TOTAL
100.0
114.1 2.6 2.5 2.0 -0.3 0.4 114.1 0.4
Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages
30.3
121.0 4.3 4.7 3.5 0.2 0.2 121.2 0.2
Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco
2.2
138.1 9.8 13.3 11.7 0.0 0.0 138.1 0.0
Clothing & Footwear
3.4
98.9 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.2 -0.1 98.9 -0.1
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels
22.6
112.2 2.7 2.7 2.5 0.0 0.0 112.4 0.2
Furnishings, Household Equip. & Routine Household Maintenance
4.1
110.6 3.7 3.8 2.4 0.0 -0.1 110.6 -0.1
Health
1.3
116.1 4.6 4.7 4.4 0.3 0.2 116.1 0.2
Transport
14.9
110.0 -3.8 -5.7 -4.2 -2.8 3.0 110.0 3.0
Communication
5.7
100.6 3.2 3.3 1.7 0.1 0.0 100.6 0.0
Recreation Services & Culture
4.6
107.4 2.3 2.4 1.6 0.2 0.0 107.4 0.0
Education
1.4
112.8 2.5 2.5 2.4 0.0 0.0 113.3 0.2
Restaurants & Hotels
3.2
123.2 4.6 4.7 4.1 0.2 0.2 123.2 0.2
Miscellaneous Goods & Services
6.3
111.4 5.6 5.8 3.9 1.0 -0.1 111.4 -0.1
Non-Food
69.7
111.1 1.8 1.5 1.3 -0.5 0.6 114.1 0.6
 
The 0.2 per cent rise in the index for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages in October 2015 compared with the previous month was the result of increases in the index for Food Away From Home (+0.2 per cent). On the other hand, the index for Coffee, Tea, Cocoa & Non-Alcoholic decreased by 0.1 per cent while Food At Home remained unchanged at 120.8 .
 
Among the food items which recorded notable increases in October 2015 compared with the previous month were Carrots (+15.8 per cent); Tomatoes (+9.2 per cent); Spinach (+6.6 per cent); Garlic (+2.8 per cent); Choy Sum (+2.7 per cent); Round Scad (Fish) (+2.5 per cent); Hen’s Eggs (+2.0 per cent); Dried Chilly (+1.8 per cent); Sardine - Canned (+1.4 per cent); and Beef (+0.4 per cent).
 

Meanwhile, the index of some food items decreased in October 2015 compared with the previous month. Among these food items were Cucumber (-13.3 per cent); Watermelon (-8.4 per cent); Red Chillies (-4.3 per cent); Chicken (-3.7 per cent); Longtail Tuna (Fish) (-1.9 per cent); Hardtail Scad (Fish) (-1.3 per cent); Indian Mackerel (Fish) (-1.0 per cent); and Spanish Mackerel (Fish) (-1.0 per cent).

 
Table 2 : CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR SUB-GROUPS OF FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, MALAYSIA (2010=100)
 
Sub-Groups
Wt.
Index Year-on-Year Percentage Change Month-on-Month Percentage Change
Oct 2015
Sep 2015/    Sep 2014
Oct 2015/    Oct 2014
Jan - Oct 2015/2014
Sep 2015/    Aug 2015
Oct 2015/    Sep 2015
Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages 30.3 121.0 4.3 4.7 3.5 0.2 0.2
Food 28.9 121.4 4.4 4.7 3.6 0.3 0.1
Food At Home 18.9 120.8 4.4 4.9 3.3 0.3 0.0
Rice, Bread & Other Cereals 4.4 107.5 1.7 1.8 1.6 -0.2 0.0
Meat 2.9 118.4 0.9 2.4 1.8 0.2 -1.7
Fish & Seafood
4.5 132.5 6.2 6.1 3.9 0.6 0.0
Milk & Eggs 1.8 124.2 4.3 4.1 5.2 1.2 0.4
Oils & Fats 0.6 101.9 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.0
Fruits 1.2 122.7 5.9 5.9 3.7 0.5 -0.2
Vegetables 2.1 124.6 10.5 12.7 6.7 -0.2 2.0
Sugar, Jam, Honey, Chocolate & Confectionary 0.6 132.0 2.0 2.0 1.7 0.0 0.0
Foof Products n.e.c 0.8 121.1 5.4 5.7 4.3 0.3 0.5
Food Away From Home 10.0 122.5 4.4 4.3 3.8 0.2 0.2
Coffee, Tea, Cocoa & Non-Alcoholic Beverages 1.4 111.5 3.2 3.1 2.3 0.3 -0.1

CPI changes for the period January – October 2015 / 2014

The increase of 2.0 per cent in the CPI for the first ten months in 2015 was led by increases among the main groups with high weights: Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages (+3.5 per cent) and Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels (+2.5 per cent). Other increases were Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco (+11.7 per cent); Health (+4.4 per cent); Restaurants & Hotels (+4.1 per cent); and Miscellaneous Goods & Services (+3.9 per cent). On the other hand, a decrease was recorded in the index of Transport by 4.2 per cent. 

 Based on the above changes and the weights assigned to the main groups, the relative contribution to the overall increase of 2.0 per cent in the CPI is shown in Table 3.    

 

 Table 3 : CONTRIBUTION TO THE CHANGES IN THE OVERALL CONSUMER PRICE INDEX BY MAIN GROUPS, MALAYSIA (2010=100)

 
Group
Wt.
2014 / 2013
October  2015 / 2014
January - October 2015 / 2014
% Change % Contribution % Change % Contribution % Change % Contribution
TOTAL 100.0 3.2 100.0 2.5 100.0 2.0 100.0
Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages 30.3 3.3 34.0 4.7 58.2 3.5 54.9
Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco
2.2 11.6 8.3 13.3 12.7 11.7 14.0
Clothing & Footwear 3.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.5
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels 22.6 3.4 24.1 2.7 24.0 2.5 27.3
Furnishings, Household Equipment & Routine Household Maintenance 4.1 1.0 1.3 3.8 5.9 2.4 4.7
Health 1.3 2.9 1.2 4.7 2.5 4.4 2.9
Transport 14.9 4.9 23.1 -5.7 -36.0 -4.2 -31.9
Communication 5.7 -0.7 -1.3 3.3 6.4 1.7 4.2
Recreation Services & Culture 4.6 1.5 2.2 2.4 4.1 1.6 3.3
Education
1.4 2.4 1.1 2.5 1.4 2.4 1.7
Restaurant & Hotel 3.2 4.7 5.0 4.7 6.4 4.1 6.9
Miscellaneous Goods & Services 6.3 0.7 1.3 5.8 13.7 3.9 11.5
 

The increase of 3.5 per cent  in the index for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages was the result of increases for Food At Home (+3.3 per cent); Food Away From Home (+3.8 per cent) and Coffee, Tea, Cocoa & Non-Alcoholic Beverages (+2.3 per cent). Among the subgroups of Food At Home which showed significant increases during this period as shown in Table 2 were Vegetables (+6.7 per cent); Milk & Eggs (+5.2 per cent); Fish & Seafood (+3.9 per cent); and Fruits (+3.7 per cent).

 

Released By:

THE OFFICE OF CHIEF STATISTICIAN MALAYSIA
DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA
20 November 2015

Contact person:

Norrita binti Amran
Public Relation Officer
Corporate and User Services Division
Department of Statistics, Malaysia
Tel : +603-8885 7942
Fax : +603-8888 9248
Email : norrita.amran@stats.gov.my

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